BONES YOU NEED TO KNOW
AXIAL SKELETON Palatine (2)-- horizontal and vertical plates
SKULL -- Cranial/Facial Bones
Vomer (1)
Frontal (1)
supraorbital margin/ridge
Inferior Nasal Conchae (2)
glabella
Hyoid (1)
Parietal (2)
coronal suture
Auditory ossicles
sagittal suture
Malleus (hammer)
lambdoidal suture
Incus (anvil)
squamous suture
Stapes (stirrup)
Occipital (1)
VERTEBRAE: Curvatures of vertebral column
foramen magnum
(7) cervical - atlas & axis(C1 & C2)
occipital condyles axis
with dens (odontoid process)
occipitomastoid suture
(12) thoracic
external occipital protuberance
(5) lumbar
basioccipital
sacrum (5-fused) -- Ala, sacral canal, auricular
coccyx (4-fused)
surfaces
Temporal (2)
zygomatic process
Parts of a Typical Vertebra
mandibular fossa
body (centrum)
external auditory meatus
(pedicle)
styloid process
(lamina)
mastoid process
spinous process
squamous region
transverse process
transverse foramina (on cervical)
facet for tubercle of rib (on thor.)
Sphenoid (1)
vertebral foramen
greater wings
intervertebral foramen (between
lesser wings
vertebrae; exits for spinal nerves)
sella turcica
superior articular process (facets)
optic foramina
inferior articular process (facets)
pterygoid processes
facets for ribs on body of
thoracic vertebrae
Ethmoid (1) (many sinuses)
crista galli
Sternum -- manubrium (with clavicular notches),
cribriform plates
body, xiphoid process
(olfactory foramina)
perpendicular plate
Ribs
superior & middle nasal
head
conchae (turbinates)
tubercle
Types:
Mandible (1)
vertebrosternal
mandibular condyle
vertebrochondral
coronoid process
vertebral (=floating)
alveoli (teeth sockets)
angle & body
Maxilla (2) Zygomatic (2)
alveoli
palatine process Nasal
(2)
zygomatic
process
frontal process Lacrimal (2)
orbital surface lacrimal fossa
APPENDICULAR SKELETON
Clavicle with sternal (manubrial)
Femur
and acromial (scapular)
ends
head
neck
Scapula
greater trochanter
superior border
lesser trochanter
medial border linea aspera
lateral border
lateral/medial condyles
glenoid cavity
intercondylar fossa (notch)
spine
lateral/medial epicondyles
acromion
fovea capitis (ligament attachment in
coracoid process
head to hold it to acetabulum)
Patella
Humerus
head
Tibia
greater tubercle
lateral/medial condyles
lesser tubercle
tibial tuberosity
intertubercular groove
medial malleolus
deltoid tuberosity
fibular notch
capitulum
trochlea
Fibula
coronoid fossa
head
olecranon fossa
lateral malleolus
epicondyles
Foot
Ulna
tarsals ("ankle" bones)
olecranon process
calcaneus (heel bone)
coronoid process
talus
trochlear notch
metatarsals ("foot" bones)
radial notch
(arch of foot)
head
phalanges: 3 per digit (toe)
styloid process
2 in hallux ("big toe")
Radius
head
ulnar notch
radial tuberosity
styloid process
Hand
carpals (wrist bones)
metacarpals (hand bones; palm)
phalanges: 3 per digit (finger)
2 in pollex
(thumb)
Os Coxa
-- with pelvic brim
acetabulum
obturator foramen
ilium
iliac crest & Ala
(with auricular surfaces; see sacrum)
anterior/posterior superior iliac spine
anterior/posterior inferior iliac spine
greater sciatic notch
ischium
ischial spine
ischial tuberosities
pubis
pubic arch
pubic symphysis