Biology 2213 -- Human Anatomy and
Physiology II
Dr. Adams
Reproductive System Structures -- To know for the lab practical
I. Male Reproductive System
A. Scrotum and testes
Dartos
(in scrotal wall) and Cremaster
(wrapped within spermatic cord) muscles
Testicular
arteries, and testicular veins (pampiniform plexus, within spermatic cord)
Inguinal
Canal
Tunica vaginalis and albuginea
(albuginea has septa that divide testis into lobules)
Testis internal structures: (see Developmental Structures: Cells, below)
Ducts
of testis -- Seminiferous tubules, Tubulus rectus, Rete testis
Interstitial cells
Sustentocytes (in seminiferous tubules of males)
Spermatogonia, Primary/Secondary spermatocytes, spermatids, sperm
Lobules
B. Male Duct System
Epididymis
(head/tail), Ductus (vas) deferens, Ejaculatory duct (joins urethra in
prostate)
Urethra (prostatic, membranous, penile [spongy])
C. Accessory glands
Seminal vesicles, Prostate gland, Bulbourethral
(Cowper's) glands
D. Penis
Root, Shaft, Glans, Foreskin (Prepuce)
Corpus spongiosum (around urethra; swollen at base [Bulb] and forms
glans)
Corpora cavernosa (flared at base
into a flange [Crus; plural –– crura])
Bulbospongiosus muscles
II. Female Reproductive System
A. Ovaries/Ovarian Cycle
Tunica albuginea
Ovarian/Suspensory ligaments and Mesovarium (ovarian supports; parts of
Broad
ligament [peritoneal fold])
Primordial, Primary, Secondary, "Mature" (Vesicular or Graafian) follicles,
with
Follicle/Granulosal cells, Antrum, Zona pellucida, Corona
radiata, Theca folliculi,
Atretic follicles
Oogonia, Primary/Secondary oocytes, ova
Corpus
luteum/albicans
B. Female Duct System
Uterine (Fallopian) tubes (also
called Oviducts), with Fimbriae, Isthmus
Mesosalpinx (support for tube; part of broad ligament)
C. Uterus
Fundus, Body, Isthmus, Cervix (with Glands)
Mesometrium, Round Ligament (supports for uterus)
Wall: Perimetrium, Myometrium, Endometrium
Endometrial specializations:
Stratum
Functionalis, Stratum basalis, Spiral arteries; also know Embryonic/
Placental membranes (see below)
D. Vagina (copulatory/birth canal)
Adventitia,
Muscularis, Mucosa (with rugae)
Vaginal orifice/Hymen
Vaginal Fornices
around cervix (singular -- fornix)
E. External Genitalia
-- Vulvae (Pudendum)
Mons pubis
Labia majora/minora, covering Vestibule (with Vestibular glands)
Clitoris (with prepuce)
III. Developmental Structures
Know what the following mean: Conceptus, Embryo, Fetus
A. Cells
Sustentocytes (in seminiferous tubules of males)
Spermatogonia/Oogonia, Primary/Secondary Spermatocytes/Oocytes,
Spermatids
and Spermatozoa/Ova, Zygote
B. Early development
Cleavage,
Morula, Blastocyst, Trophoblast (Cyto-, Syncytio-), Inner Cell Mass,
Blastodisc, Gastrula (ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm), Neurula with neural
groove/neural tube, notochord
C. Embryonic/Placental Membranes
Chorion (with Chorionic
Villi), Amnion, Yolk Sac; Decidua Basalis/Capsularis